Polycarbonate materials have a great blend of beneficial features which include temperature resistance, impact resistance and optical properties position polycarbonates in between commodity plastic materials and engineering plastics.
Polycarbonate is a very durable material. Whilst it has greater impact-resistance, it's got reduced scratch-resistance and thus a hard coating typically is applied to polycarbonate eyewear lenses and polycarbonate exterior vehicle equipment. The characteristics relating to polycarbonate tend to be similar those of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, acrylic), except polycarbonate is actually stronger, it is usable in a wider temperature range and is a bit more expensive. This plastic polymer is highly transparent to visible light and has better light transmission characteristics than most grades of glass.
Polycarbonate has a glass transition temperature of about 150 °C (302 °F), in order that it softens gradually above this point and flows above about 300°C (572 °F). Tools must be held at higher temperatures, generally above 80 °C (176 °F) to help with making strain- and reduced stress products.
Unlike many thermoplastics, polycarbonate can undergo dramatic changes in basic shape without breaking. Therefore, it can be processed and formed at room temperature using sheet metal techniques, which include forming bends on a brake. Even for sharp angle bends with a tight radius, no heating is usually necessary. This makes it valuable in prototyping applications where transparent or electrically non-conductive parts are required, which can not be made from sheet metal. Please keep in mind PMMA/Plexiglas, which is similar in appearance to polycarbonate, but is brittle and can't be bent at room temperature.
The light weight of polycarbonate, compared with glass, has led to growth and development of electronic view screens that replace glass materials with polycarbonate, for use in mobile and portable devices. Such displays include newer e-ink and some LCD screens, though CRT, plasma screen and other LCD technologies which still do require glass for its higher melting temperature and the ability to be etched in finer detail.
Other types of items made out of Polycarbonate include durable, lightweight luggage, MP3/digital audio player cases, computer cases, police riot shields, instrument panels, and common style blender jars. Many toys and hobby products are made of polycarbonate parts, e.g. fins, gyro mounts, and flybar locks for use with radio-controlled helicopters.
For use in applications subjected to weathering or UV-radiation, a special surface treatment maybe needed. This may be a coating (e.g. for improved abrasion resistance), or a coextrusion for enhanced weathering resistance.
Bayer Makrolon Polycarbonate is a thermoplastic that begins as a solid material in the form of small pellets. In a manufacturing process called injection molding, these small pellets are heated until they melt and become a very thick liquid. The melted liquid polycarbonate is then rapidly pushed into the mold - shaped like the part, compressed under high pressure and cooled to create a finished product , that only takes about a minute to complete.
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